Internet
The Internet is a network that connects computers from all over, allowing them to communicate and exchange information with other computers as well.
Background
ARPANET
ARPANET is known as the Advanced Research Projects Agency Network. [1]
It was funded by the U.S. Department of Defense in the late 1960s.[2] The creation of ARPANET is considered to be the first prototype of the Internet, using packet switching so that various computers were able to communicate to each other using a single network. [3] The first two nodes of the ARPANET were established between UCLA and Stanford Research Institute (SRI) in 1969. [4] Shortly, nodes established at University of Santa Barbara and University of Utah followed. [5] A student programmer named Charley Kline sent the first message over ARPANET using Leonard Kleinrock, the inventor of packet switching, UCLA's computer in October of 1969. [6] The message was sent to the second node located at Stanford Research Institute. [7] The message sent by Charley Kline was intended to be read "login," but due to a crash in the system, the message instead said "lo." [8] It was not until an hour later that the message was fully able to send. [9]
In the 1970s, scientists Robert Kahn and Vinton Cerf developed TCP/IP. [10] TCP/IP stood for Transmission Control Protocol and Internet Protocol. [11] The TCP/IP was model that providing standards for the ways of in which data could be transmitted between various networks. [12] On January 1st 1983, ARPANET took on TCP/IP, eventually creating what we come to know as the Internet. [13]
Net Neutrality
The website Public Knowledge defines net neutrality as "the principle that individuals should be free to access all content and applications equally, regardless of the source, without Internet service providers discriminating against specific online services or websites. In other words, it is the principle that the company that connects you to the internet does not get to control what you do on the internet." [14] Without the rules of net neutrality, Internet Service Provides would be able to stop users from visiting certain websites, as well as redirect them to a competing website from the one they were currently viewing. [15] Additionally, they would be able to provide slow speeds for Netflix and Hulu users. [16] With rules in place, net neutrality prevents this, as Internet Service Providers are required to “ connect users to all lawful content on the internet equally, without giving preferential treatment to certain sites or services.”[17]
Uses in other disciplines
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See also
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References
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External links
Additional online resources for this keyterm.
- ↑ "Who invented the internet?", History.com.
- ↑ "Who invented the internet?", History.com.
- ↑ "Who invented the internet?", History.com.
- ↑ "ARPANET", Computerhope.
- ↑ "ARPANET", Computerhope.
- ↑ "Charley Kline Sends the First Message Over the ARPANET", Historyofinformation.
- ↑ "Charley Kline Sends the First Message Over the ARPANET", Historyofinformation.
- ↑ "How a simple ‘hello’ became the first message sent via the Internet", PBS.
- ↑ "How a simple ‘hello’ became the first message sent via the Internet", PBS.
- ↑ "Who invented the internet?", History.com.
- ↑ "Who invented the internet?", History.com.
- ↑ "Who invented the internet?", History.com.
- ↑ "Who invented the internet?", History.com.
- ↑ "Net Neutrality", PublicKnowledge.
- ↑ "Net Neutrality", PublicKnowledge.
- ↑ "Net Neutrality", PublicKnowledge.
- ↑ "Net Neutrality", PublicKnowledge.